热探测器利用辐射的热效应,根据物质的物理性质(如电导率或热膨胀系数等)与温度的依赖特性监控温度的变化。表1列出了几种常用的热探测器。原则上,任何物质若具有随温度改变的可测物理特性时,皆可用作热辐射探测器,但实际上只有四种这类探测器获得了广泛的应用,它们是(1)热电偶和热电堆;(2)测辐射热计;(3)高 Thermal detectors use the thermal effects of radiation to monitor changes in temperature based on the physical properties of the material (such as conductivity or thermal expansion, etc.) and its dependence on temperature. Table 1 lists several commonly used heat detectors. In principle, any material that has measurable physical properties that change with temperature can be used as a thermal radiation detector, but only four such detectors are in fact widely used. They are (1) thermocouples and Thermopile; (2) bolometer; (3) high