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在软弱破碎岩体中进行人工边坡开挖,往往因局部坡体应力集中或变形过大而导致边坡失稳破坏,为此需要采用大量的锚杆加固岩体。为进一步了解该类边坡的变形破坏机制及其支护加固效果,以Ⅳ类围岩为参照对象,将其等效为单一均质地层,并根据相似理论建立其地质力学模型,随后开展了不同锚杆加固方式下岩质边坡破坏特性的试验研究。试验结果表明,当不采取加固措施时,软弱破碎岩质边坡的塌方主要是由于坡顶岩体的张拉和坡脚岩体的压剪共同作用的结果,且往往呈渐进性破坏机制;当采取锚杆加固时,一方面,锚杆加固可有效提高边坡岩体的承载能力和抵抗变形能力,锚杆的作用主要体现在抗剪止裂和抗拉伸两个方面,另一方面,不同的锚杆直径、锚杆长度和锚固间距对边坡岩体的加固效果和最终破坏模式有较大影响。
Artificial slope excavation in soft and fragmented rock masses often leads to instability and failure of slope due to stress concentration or deformation of local slope. Therefore, a large number of rock bolts are needed to reinforce the rock mass. In order to understand the deformation and failure mechanism and the effect of supporting and reinforcement of this type of slope, the surrounding rock of Ⅳ is taken as the object of reference, which is equivalent to a single homogeneous formation. Based on the similarity theory, its geomechanical model is established. Experimental Study on Failure Characteristics of Rock Slope under Different Bolt Strengthening Methods. The test results show that the landslide of the soft and fragmented rock slope is mainly caused by the joint action of the tension of the rock mass and the pressure and shear of the rock mass and the gradual failure mechanism when the reinforcement measures are not taken. When using the anchor reinforcement, on the one hand, the reinforcement of the anchor can effectively improve the carrying capacity and resistance to deformation of the rock mass, the role of anchor mainly in the two aspects of shear and anti-tensile shear, the other hand , Different anchor bolt diameter, anchor length and anchorage distance have a great influence on reinforcement effect and final failure mode of slope rock mass.