论文部分内容阅读
据《医药信息论坛》报道,WHO专家组报告,在一些发展中国家住院病人中约有5％,由于药品不良反应(ADR)相关的疾病入院,在住院期间又有10～20％的病人发生ADR。近年来我国每年有5000多万人住院,据测算其中至少有250万人与ADR有关,严重反应约50万人,有19.2万人死亡(不包括住院期间发生的ADR与门诊病人)。而我国1987年死于19种传染病的总人数是1.64万,足以说明,对ADR的危害再不能掉以轻心。 本文报道冶金系统13所医院收住院的22例ADR病人,分三种情况。1、抗生素类ADR,如长时间、大剂量应用氨苄青霉素出现肢体颤动,难以行走;青霉素皮试阴性者应用青霉素引起过敏性休克;盐酸强力霉素服用方法不当引起食管炙;大剂量应用庆大霉素致肾毒性相关的肾性丢钾。2、一般常用药的ADR为药物疹(包括大疱性表皮松解型药疹)及全身浮肿;消化道大出血;严重的肝损害;心肌损害,心力衰竭;意识障碍等神经系症状;过敏反应及过敏性休克。3、药物保管不当致误服;使用不当引起中毒。此外在本期论著中的“鸟头碱中毒65例临床分析”,病例报告中的“甲减病人服用大剂量甲状腺素致急性心梗一例”共计88个ADR病例,涉及22种药品,死亡5例(其中2例不排除原发病因素而致死)。反映出药品的质量;剂量的标准化;合理用药及保管上的种种问题,因此必须
According to the Medical Information Forum, the WHO Panel reported that about 5% of inpatients in some developing countries were admitted to hospital due to adverse drug reactions (ADR)-related diseases and 10 to 20% of patients were hospitalized ADR. In recent years, there are more than 50 million hospitalizations in China each year. It is estimated that at least 2.5 million of them are related to ADR. About half a million people have been seriously affected and 192,000 died (excluding ADRs and outpatients during hospitalization). The total number of 19 deaths from 19 kinds of infectious diseases in 1987 in our country was 16,400, which shows that harm to ADR can not be taken lightly. This article reports the metallurgical system of 13 hospitals admitted to hospital in 22 cases of ADR patients, divided into three situations. 1, antibiotics ADR, such as prolonged use of high doses of ampicillin limb tremor, difficult to walk; penicillin skin test-negative use of penicillin cause anaphylactic shock; doxycycline hydrochloride improper use of esophageal cancer; high-dose application of large Renin-induced nephrotoxicity caused by mycotoxin. 2, ADR commonly used drugs for drug rash (including epidermolysis bullosa ephedra) and systemic edema; gastrointestinal bleeding; severe liver damage; myocardial damage, heart failure; disturbance of consciousness and other neurological symptoms; allergic reactions and Anaphylactic shock. 3, improper storage of drugs caused by improper use; poisoning caused by improper use. In addition, in this issue of “clinical analysis of 65 cases of head alkalosis,” a case report, “a hypothyroidism patients taking large doses of thyroxine-induced acute myocardial infarction,” a total of 88 ADR cases, involving 22 kinds of drugs, 5 deaths Cases (of which 2 cases do not rule out the original cause of death). Reflect the quality of drugs; dose standardization; rational use and storage of various problems, it is necessary