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目的探讨乌鲁木齐市某大型煤炭企业尘肺病的发病特点。方法收集乌鲁木齐市某大型煤炭企业2007—2015年的新发尘肺病病例资料,对其发病特点进行分析。结果 142例尘肺病病例中,尘肺病壹期128例(占90.1%),贰期13例(占9.2%),叁期1例(占0.7%)。平均发病年龄为(53.2±10.3)岁,发病年龄>55.0岁者占34.5%;发病时接尘工龄为(21.8±7.8)年,接尘工龄≥10.0年者占93.7%;工种以纯采煤工居多,其次是辅助工、主掘进工、主采煤工、纯掘进工、混合工和爆破工。不同工种新发尘肺病病例的接尘工龄比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);肺结核合并率为9.2%。结论该煤炭企业新发尘肺病以壹期为主,平均发病年龄接近工人退休年龄。应加强对煤炭企业的尘肺病防治工作。
Objective To investigate the incidence of pneumoconiosis in a large coal enterprise in Urumqi. Methods A case of new onset pneumoconiosis in a large coal enterprise in Urumqi from 2007 to 2015 was collected and the characteristics of the disease were analyzed. Results Among the 142 pneumoconiosis cases, 128 cases (90.1%) were pneumoconiosis in the first stage, 13 cases (9.2%) in the second stage and one case (0.7%) in the third stage. The average age of onset was (53.2 ± 10.3) years old and the age of onset was> 55.0 years old, accounting for 34.5%. The incidence of dusting was (21.8 ± 7.8) years and the dusting age was ≥10.0 years, accounting for 93.7% Mostly followed by helpers, main diggers, main coal miners, pure diggers, mixers and blasting workers. There was no significant difference in the length of service life of dust between different occupational new-onset pneumoconiosis cases (P> 0.05). The combined rate of pulmonary tuberculosis was 9.2%. Conclusions The new-onset pneumoconiosis in the coal enterprise is mainly in the first phase, and the average age of onset is close to the worker’s retirement age. Pneumoconiosis prevention and control work in coal enterprises should be strengthened.