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本文采用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜技术及荧光染色技术,对苍耳柄锈菌三裂叶豚草专化型Puccinia xanthii sp.ambrosiae-trifidae冬孢子的萌发过程和萌发条件进行了研究。结果表明:冬孢子堆成熟时突破寄主表皮外露;在寄主上冬孢子萌发时由上细胞顶部出现皱褶和帽状物,由帽状物下伸出担子。冬孢子的上细胞和下细胞都可萌发;冬孢子在水中于25℃2h即可萌发,24h后达到萌发高峰,萌发率为12%;温度20-25℃、相对湿度97%以上、pH5-7的条件利于冬孢子萌发,光照对冬孢子萌发没有影响,木糖和乳糖对冬孢子萌发有促进作用;无机氮源营养对冬孢子萌发有抑制作用。肌醇、烟酸、核黄素及三裂叶豚草叶汁对冬孢子萌发有促进作用。
In this paper, the germination process and germination conditions of Puccinia xanthii sp.ambrosiae-trifidae teliospores were studied by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence staining. The results showed that when the teliospore matured, the host epidermis broke out. On the host, teliospore and cap appeared on the top of the upper cell during the germination of the host, and the burden was extended under the cap. The teliospores can germinate both in the upper and lower cells of the teliospores. The teliospores can germinate in water at 25 ℃ for 2h, and reach the peak of germination after 24 hours with the germination rate of 12%. The temperature is 20-25 ℃ and the relative humidity is above 97% 7 conditions conducive to the germination of winter spores, light did not affect the germination of winter spores, xylose and lactose on the promotion of winter spore germination; inorganic nitrogen source of winter spores germination inhibition. Inositol, nicotinic acid, riboflavin, and leaf juice of Parthenocissus triphylla promote the germination of teliospores.