本文讨论影响英语能力的制约因素，包括动机思想因素，理论知识因素；听力策略与技能因素；文化常识与背景知识因素；个人素质潜能因素；以及真实性语料使用和听力时效调节因素等。听力学习者若能全面考虑诸因素的作用，并充分利用其正面影响，就一定能明显地改善听力。 This article discusses the factors that affect the ability of English, including the ideological factors of motivation, theoretical knowledge; listening strategies and skills; cultural common sense and background knowledge; personal quality potential factors; authenticity corpus use and hearing age adjustment factors. Listening learners can definitely improve their hearing if they fully consider the role of various factors and make full use of their positive influence.