孔子在第一章就开宗明义地说:“夫孝,始于事亲,中于事君,终于立身。”这应该是对所有人的一个总括,但由于每个人都有不同的社会角色、不同的社会地位、不同的社会身份,对于行孝都会有不同的重点和要求。因此,从本章开始,孔子用五个章节分别论述了天子、诸侯、卿大夫、士及庶民等五种不同地位、身份的人,各自行孝的不同侧重点和相关要求。 In the first chapter, Confucius said in a clear and concise manner: “Husband and wife begin with the deeds of the husband and finally with the affairs of the affair.” This should be a generalization for all, but since each person has a different social role , Different social status and different social identities will have different emphasis and requirements on the work of filial piety. Therefore, from the beginning of this chapter, Confucius uses five chapters to discuss the different emphases and related requirements of five different positions and identities of emperor, princes, relatives, physicians and common people respectively.