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本文从农户的资金需求入手,认为正规金融机构过高的交易成本和不完善的信贷配给机制以及农户的风险规避行为交互作用,提高了农户的信贷成本,从而产生了需求型信贷约束。一方面基于正规金融机构向农户借贷的信贷配给现状,分析目前我国农村金融服务主体缺位、信贷配给不足现象以及这种现象将会对农村金融市场及社会发展产生的负面影响;另一方面要对农村非正规金融的规模及成熟程度进行研究,分析二者的互补性与替代性。最终,实证分析影响农户借贷需求的因素,对现阶段我国的农村金融体系提出改进意见,进而促进农村金融市场能够更好的实现资源配置的基础性职能。
This paper starts with the capital needs of peasants, considers the excessive transaction costs of formal financial institutions and imperfect credit rationing mechanism as well as the interaction of peasants’ risk avoidance behaviors, and increases the credit cost of peasants, resulting in demand-based credit constraints. On the one hand, based on the status quo of credit rationing of lending to farmers by the regular financial institutions, this paper analyzes the current absence of rural financial service providers in China and the problem of credit rationing and the negative impact this phenomenon will have on rural financial markets and social development. On the other hand, Research on the scale and maturity of rural informal finance, and analyze the complementarity and substitutability of the two. Finally, the paper empirically analyzes the factors that affect the demand of rural households for borrowing and puts forward suggestions for improvement of the rural financial system in our country at this stage, so as to promote the rural financial market to better realize the basic functions of resource allocation.