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铸造生产中,能够在炉前快速准确地测出铁水的化学成分、机械性能、球化率,是控制决定铸件质量的关键。应用微电子技术和计算机技术,结合热分析原理,研制铸铁质量炉前快速测试装置是实现铸件质量优化控制有的效途径。本文叙述了通过测量铁水的液相线温度、共晶温度及固相线温度,预测出铸件的成份和性能的理论根据。继而研制了取样器和单片测试系统。系统硬件是以8098单片机为主控芯片扩展了六位LED显示器、16K存储器、24键键盘、微型打印机等,并研制了4路高精度前置放大器、断偶报警电路及多路电源。系统软件设计包括键盘管理、数据采集、参数计算、特征值识别,数字滤波,数制变换及结果显示打印及拷贝等程序。该仪器浇样后可自动跟踪显示铁水温度变化结果,2.5min内预报出C%、Si%、CE%等化学成分参数。抗拉强度σb,硬度HB等机械性能参数,以及晶粒度Neu,球铁球化率和球化级别等参数。测试结束后可显示和打印。并可根据实际要求进行多次拷贝。初步试验表明,该仪器具有测试速度快、工作稳定可靠等特点,机内数学模型经实际校正可用于不同生产条件的铸造厂。
Casting production, to be able to quickly and accurately in the furnace before measuring the chemical composition of molten iron, mechanical properties, spheroidization rate, is to control the key to casting quality. Application of microelectronic technology and computer technology, combined with the principle of thermal analysis, the development of cast iron mass rapid test device before the furnace is to achieve effective control of casting quality and effective way. This article describes the theoretical basis for predicting the composition and properties of castings by measuring the liquidus temperature, the eutectic temperature and the solidus temperature of hot metal. Then developed a sampler and monolithic test system. The system hardware is based on the 8098 microcontroller as the main control chip expansion of six LED displays, 16K memory, 24-key keyboard, micro-printer, and developed a 4 high-precision preamplifier, broken even the alarm circuit and multiple power supply. System software design includes keyboard management, data acquisition, parameter calculation, eigenvalue identification, digital filtering, digital system conversion and results display printing and copying programs. After pouring, the instrument can automatically track and display the temperature change of molten iron, predict the chemical composition parameters of C%, Si%, CE% within 2.5min. Tensile strength σb, hardness HB and other mechanical properties parameters, as well as grain size Neu, nodular ball rate and nodularity level and other parameters. After the test can be displayed and printed. And according to the actual requirements of multiple copies. Preliminary tests show that the instrument has the characteristics of fast test speed, stable and reliable work, etc. The mathematical model of the machine can be used in foundries with different production conditions after being calibrated.