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在日常内科治疗中,常会遇到贫血患者。所谓贫血就是循环血液中的红细胞数及血红蛋白低于正常。可是,因血液稀释和脱水造成血浆量的增减,从而引起血液的稀释和浓缩的情况例外。通常只要具备临床症状以及单位体积血液中红细胞数和血红蛋白减少,称为贫血。WHO规定,贫血的标准为成年男性血红蛋白在13g/dl以下,成年女性血红蛋白在12g/dl以下。对于贫血的治疗必须正确掌握其病型分类和病因。本文首先概要说明贫血鉴别诊断的进展,然后论述各种病型的门诊治疗要点。
In daily medical treatment, often encounter anemia patients. The so-called anemia is the number of red blood cells in circulating blood and hemoglobin is lower than normal. However, the cases of dilution and concentration of blood due to hemodilution and dehydration caused by the increase or decrease in plasma amount are the exceptions. Usually as long as the clinical symptoms and blood volume per unit volume of red blood cells and hemoglobin decreased, known as anemia. According to the WHO, the standard of anemia is 13g / dl or less for adult males and 12g / dl or less for adult females. The treatment of anemia must correctly grasp the classification and etiology of their disease. This article first outlines the differential diagnosis of anemia, and then discusses the various outpatient treatment points.