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目的:探讨电子烟IQOS气溶胶对小鼠肺功能的影响。方法:将24只C57BL/6 J雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、香烟组和IQOS组，每组8只。对照组小鼠给予呼吸新鲜空气，IQOS组及香烟组小鼠置于自制染毒箱中，IQOS气溶胶或烟雾暴露1 h/d，5 d/周，共处理24周。观察每组小鼠一般情况及体质量变化，测量其肺功能；取各组小鼠肺组织制备切片，HE染色观察病理形态变化及测量平均肺泡直径。结果:实验结束后对照组小鼠活动正常，精神好，食欲佳，体质量呈上升趋势；IQOS组及香烟组小鼠出现精神萎靡、食欲降低，体质量较同时间点正常组均降低(n P值均0.05)。IQOS组和香烟组小鼠第50毫秒用力呼吸容积(FEV0.05)/用力肺活量(FVC)、组织阻尼、组织弹性均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)；IQOS组及香烟组小鼠FVC和气道阻力均比对照组显著增加，差异均有统计学意义(n P值均0.05)。肺组织病理形态学显示，对照组小鼠肺泡结构完整；IQOS组及香烟组小鼠肺泡腔扩大，部分肺泡间隔断裂，肺泡腔融合，肺气肿形成；IQOS组及香烟组肺泡平均线性截距均大于对照组，差异均有统计学意义(n P值均0.05)。n 结论:长期电子烟IQOS气溶胶暴露会影响小鼠肺功能，它可能不是传统香烟的很好替代品。“,”Objective:To investigate the effect of e-cigarette I-Quit-Ordinary-Smoking (IQOS) aerosol on lung function in mice.Methods:A total of twenty-four C57BL/6 J male mice were randomly divided into control group, cigarette smoke group and IQOS group, each of 8 mice.The mice in the control group were given fresh air.The mice in the cigarette smoke group and the IQOS group were placed in a homemade box for infection.The frequency of aerosol or cigarette smoke exposure was 1 hour per day, 5 days per week, for 24 weeks.The general conditions and body weight of each group of mice were observed and the lung function was measured.The lung tissues of each group were prepared and sectioned.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes and the average alveolar diameter was measured.Results:After the end of the experiment, the mice in the control group performed normal activities, good spirit and food intake, and the body weight showed an upward trend.The mice in the IQOS and cigarette smoke groups showed impotence and decreased appetite, the body weight decreased compared with the normal group (both n P0.05). Forced expiratory volume at 50 ms (FEV0.05)/forced vital capacity (FVC), tissue damping and tissue elasticity in the IQOS group and the cigarette smoke group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (bothn P<0.05). The FVC and airway resistance in the IQOS group and cigarette smoke group were significantly higher than the control group (alln P0.05). The histopathology of lung tissue showed that the alveolar structure of the control group was intact.The alveolar cavity enlargement, part of the alveolar septal rupture, alveolar cavity fusion, emphysema formation in the IQOS group and cigarette smoke group.The mean alveolar diameter of the IQOS group and the cigarette smoke group were larger than the control group (alln P0.05).n Conclusions:Long-term e-cigarette IQOS aerosol exposure can affect lung function in mice, and it may not be a good substitute for traditional cigarettes.