论文部分内容阅读
目的 :使用inter RAI家庭照护评估工具分析社区居家老年人的健康状况与照护需求,同时验证该工具在我国老年人社区居家照护方面的可行性。方法:采用便利抽样方法抽取北京市西城区120例接受居家照护服务的老年人,使用inter RAI家庭照护评估工具进行调查,并使用inter RAI家庭照护评估工具所对应的临床评估协议分析老年人面临的主要健康问题及照护需求,与目前接受的照护服务进行对比分析。结果 :老年人存在的健康问题涉及生理、心理、社会等多维度。每位老人存在的问题数目从1~5个不等,平均存在2个问题,且随着年龄的增长(rs=0.45,P=0.03)、患有慢性病种类的增加(rs=0.34,P=0.04),老年人所伴有的健康问题也随之增多。老年人在心血管呼吸系统问题、疼痛、ADL受限、非正式社会支持不足、压疮风险等问题所接受的服务率相对较高,均达到70%以上;以健康促进不足、家庭环境优化、IADL受限、尿失禁、营养不良、身体活动不足等问题所接受的服务率相对较低,均未达到40%。结论:inter RAI家庭照护评估工具可以从老年综合评估的角度发现老年人存在的需要重点关注和干预的问题,为社区居家照护服务提供了具体的干预方向。未来可以进一步尝试使用该工具,并对社区居家照护的效果进行动态监测。
OBJECTIVE: To use inter RAI family care assessment tools to analyze the health status and care needs of community-based elders and to verify the feasibility of the tool in the elderly care community in China. Methods: A total of 120 elderly people receiving home-based care service in Xicheng District of Beijing were recruited by convenience sampling method. Inter RAI family-based care assessment tools were used for investigation. The inter-RAI family-care assessment tools were used to analyze the clinical evaluation protocols. Major health problems and care needs, and the currently accepted care services for comparative analysis. Results: The health problems existing in the elderly involve many dimensions such as physiology, psychology and society. The number of problems for each elderly varies from 1 to 5, with an average of 2 problems. With the increase of age (rs = 0.45, P = 0.03), the number of chronic diseases increased (rs = 0.34, P = 0.04), the health problems associated with the elderly also increased. Elderly people received relatively high service rates of over 70% on issues of cardiovascular and respiratory system, pain, limited ADL, inadequate informal social support, and pressure ulcer risk. In terms of health promotion, family environment optimization, IADL Restricted, urinary incontinence, malnutrition, physical inactivity and other issues received relatively low service rates, did not reach 40%. Conclusion: The inter RAI family care assessment tool can find out the problems that the elderly need to focus on and intervene from the perspective of comprehensive assessment of the elderly, and provide specific intervention directions for community home care services. In the future, further attempts can be made to use this tool and to dynamically monitor the effectiveness of community home care.