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目的了解病理性近视眼视网膜脱离患者对侧眼黄斑的形态和功能。设计前瞻性、非对照研究。研究对象20例屈光度≥-6D、眼轴≥26mm、一眼孔源性视网膜脱离的病理性近视患者的对侧眼。方法对上述患者的对侧眼行显然验光、眼底检查、黄斑区相干光断层扫描(OCT)及神经上皮厚度分析、多焦视网膜电图检查(mERG),并对结果进行分析。主要指标眼轴、近视度数、眼底的临床体征、OCT及mERG检查结果。结果20眼平均眼轴29．64mm；平均近视度数-15．87D；眼底检查有1项病理性近视样改变的9眼,2项的4眼；OCT检查中17眼有不同程度的改变；mERG检查显示黄斑区P1波高峰峰尖消失的4眼,P1波高峰峰尖消失伴高峰明显降低者7眼,P1波高峰基本缺如者8眼；只有1例无视物模糊、变形主诉,同时OCT及mERG检查均正常。结论病理性近视视网膜脱离患者对侧眼往往有形态和功能上的改变,综合应用眼底检查、OCT扫描、mERG检查能较早发现病变。(眼科2006,15：341-344)
Objective To investigate the morphology and function of contralateral macula in patients with pathological myopia and retinal detachment. Design prospective, uncontrolled study. Subjects 20 patients with diopter ≥ -6D, axial length ≥ 26mm, a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment pathological myopia in patients with contralateral eyes. Methods Obvious ophthalmology, fundus examination, ocular macular coherence tomography (OCT) and neuroepithelial thickness analysis, multifocal electroretinogram (mERG) were performed on the contralateral eyes of the above patients and the results were analyzed. The main indicators axial length, myopia, retinal clinical signs, OCT and mERG test results. Results The average axial length of 29 eyes was 29.64mm in 20 eyes and the average myopia was -15.87D. There were 9 eyes with 1 pathological myopia and 4 eyes with 2 eyes in fundus examination. 17 eyes with OCT had different degrees of change. Examination showed that the peak of P1 wave peak in macular area disappeared in 4 eyes, P1 wave peak peak disappeared with peak significantly decreased in 7 eyes, P1 wave peak basically lacked in 8 eyes; only 1 case ignored the object fuzzy, deformation of the main complaint, while OCT And mERG examination were normal. Conclusion Patients with pathological myopia retinal detachment tend to have morphological and functional changes in the lateral eye, the comprehensive application of fundus examination, OCT scan, mERG examination can detect lesions earlier. (Ophthalmology 2006, 15: 341-344)