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目的通过对一起农村敬老院食用苦葫芦瓜引起食物中毒调查,分析中毒原因,为今后应对食物中毒事件提供借鉴。方法对流行病学调查资料、临床表现、现场卫生学调查、实验室检验结果及应对处置情况进行综合分析。结果此次共有38名老人中毒,中毒率72.5%。症状表现为恶心占71.05%、呕吐占65.78%、腹泻占47.37%、头痛占42.11%、腹痛占31.58%、四肢无力占10.52%。采集的样品检验沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副溶血性弧菌、志贺氏菌、变形杆菌、致病性大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌均为阴性。经分析确认系一起由苦葫芦毒素导致食物中毒事件。结论餐饮从业人员食品安全知识匮乏,食品卫生监督存在薄弱环节,应进一步开展卫生宣传教育,加强饮食行业卫生管理,遏制食物中毒事件发生。
Objective To investigate food poisoning caused by eating bitter gourd melon in rural nursing home, analyze the causes of poisoning and provide reference for future response to food poisoning. Methods A comprehensive analysis of epidemiological survey data, clinical manifestations, on-site hygiene investigations, laboratory test results and coping strategies was conducted. The results of a total of 38 elderly poisoning, poisoning rate 72.5%. Symptoms showed nausea 71.05%, vomiting 65.78%, diarrhea 47.37%, headache 42.11%, abdominal pain 31.58%, limb weakness accounted for 10.52%. Samples collected were tested for Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Shigella, Proteus, pathogenic E. coli, Bacillus cereus were negative. The analysis confirmed that the strain was caused by bitter hyacinth toxins. Conclusion There is a lack of knowledge about food safety in catering industry and there is a weak link in food hygiene supervision. Health publicity and education should be further carried out to strengthen the hygiene management in the catering industry to curb food poisoning incidents.