目的:探讨保留乳头乳晕复合体(NAC)的乳腺癌改良根治术并一期乳房重建术治疗早期乳腺癌的安全性及可行性。方法:将2010-2014年乳腺癌患者170例,根据患者意愿分别行保留NAC的乳腺癌改良根治术并一期乳房重建术(观察组,102例),与未保留NAC的皮下乳腺癌改良根治术(对照组,68例)。比较两组术后相关指标、患者对乳房重建的满意度、生活质量情况及随访期间不良事件以及复发、转移发生率。结果:两组术后创面引流时间及引流量无统计学意义差异(均P>0.05)。观察组患者术后满意率(97.06%vs.51.47%)、FACT总评分(150.89±25.34)vs.(100.24±18.47)、生活质量高水平率(83.33%vs.51.47%)均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。两组不良事件发生率、远处转移率及复发率相似,组间无统计学差异(均P>0.05)。结论:保留NAC的改良根治术并一期乳房重建术治疗早期乳腺癌安全、可行,且在术后美学效果、改善患者生活质量方面明显优于未保留NAC的皮下乳腺癌改良根治术。 Objective: To investigate the safety and feasibility of modified radical mastectomy with breast nipple isolar complex (NAC) and one-stage breast reconstruction in the treatment of early-stage breast cancer. Methods: One hundred and seventy breast cancer patients from 2010 to 2014 were divided into two groups according to the wishes of the patients: modified radical mastectomy with NAC retained and radical mastectomy (observation group, 102 cases), and radical mastectomy with subcutaneous breast cancer without NAC Surgery (control group, 68 cases). The postoperative correlations, satisfaction with breast reconstruction, quality of life, adverse events during follow-up, and incidence of recurrence and metastasis were compared between the two groups. Results: There were no significant differences in drainage time and drainage between the two groups (all P> 0.05). The satisfaction rate (97.06% vs.51.47%), FACT total score (150.89 ± 25.34) vs. (100.24 ± 18.47) and high quality of life (83.33% vs.51.47%) in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (All P <0.05). Two groups of adverse events, distant metastasis rate and recurrence rate were similar, no significant difference between the two groups (all P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Modified radical mastectomy with NAC and one-stage breast reconstruction are safe and feasible for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer, and are superior to modified radical mastectomy of subcutaneous breast cancer without preserving NAC in postoperative aesthetic effect and quality of life of patients.