吕梁地区地域辽阔,土壤类型复杂,土壤资源丰富。但长期以来,由于土壤利用不合理,农业生产力低下。笔者在调查研究的基础上,结合土壤普查资料,对存在问题进行研究论证,试图提出合理利用土壤资源的有效途径。一、土壤资源分布及其评价 (一)土壤资源类型及面积构成根据土壤普查结果,吕梁地区共有9个土类,包括16个亚类,55个土属,128个土种。土类中以褐土、栗褐土和黄绵土3种面积最大,占总面积的84.2％,是主要的农业土壤(表1)。 Luliang region has a vast territory, complex soil types and rich soil resources. However, due to unreasonable soil use, agricultural productivity has been low for a long time. Based on the investigation and research, combined with the soil census data, the author carries out research on the existing problems and attempts to put forward effective ways to make rational use of soil resources. I. SOIL RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION AND EVALUATION A. Soil resource types and area composition According to the soil census results, there are 9 soil types in Luliang area, including 16 sub-types, 55 soil genera and 128 soil types. Among the soil types, cinnamon soil, chestnut cinnamon soil and loessial soil are the three largest areas accounting for 84.2% of the total area and are the major agricultural soils (Table 1).