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目的分析青少年脂肪、肌肉与骨密度的相关性。方法采用美国Norland XR-800双能X线骨密度仪(DXA)及清华同方BCA-2A人体成分仪(BIA),同时测量106例正常青少年志愿者全身骨密度(BMD)、骨矿含量(BMC)、肌肉含量(LM)、脂肪含量(FM),分析全身骨密度与肌肉、脂肪的相关性。结果⑴BIA与DXA在脂肪含量百分比(FM%)、LM测试上无明显差异,但FM和BMC差异显著(P<0.05)。⑵DXA测得男生的全身BMC、LM以及体质量均高于女生,女生的FM高于男生。13~15岁,男女全身BMD无显著性差异;16~17岁,男生全身BMD高于女生。⑶106例志愿者全身BMD与体质量、BMI、LM呈正相关(分别为r=0.772 9,P=0.000 0;r=0.381 2,P=0.000 0;r=0.685 9,P=0.000 0),而与FM的相关性无统计学意义(r=0.158 6,P=0.117 1)。⑷按性别分析,58例男生全身BMD与体质量、BMI、LM、FM均呈正相关(分别为r=0.810 7,P=0.000 0;r=0.491 6,P=0.000 0;r=0.841 8,P=0.000 0;r=0.268 9,P=0.030 9),但全身BMD与FM相关性较低;48例女生全身BMD与体质量、BMI、LM呈正相关(分别为r=0.744 6,P=0.000 0;r=0.223 2,P<0.05;r=0.739 5,P=0.000 0),而与FM的相关性无统计学意义(r=0.261 3,P=0.072 9)。⑸按年龄分析,13~17岁各年龄段的男生全身BMD与体质量、LM均呈正相关,与FM均不相关。女生在13、14岁时,全身BMD与体质量、LM无相关性,15~17岁时全身BMD与体质量、LM呈正相关;各年龄段与FM均无相关性。结论青少年全身BMD与体质量、BMI呈正相关,其中起主要作用的是肌肉组织,与脂肪组织关系不大。青春期的孩子应加强营养、注意体育锻炼,增加肌肉含量及瘦体重,促进骨骼发育,积累更高的峰值骨量,应对老年性骨质疏松。
Objective To analyze the correlation between adolescent fat, muscle and bone mineral density. Methods The total body mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) in 106 normal young volunteers were measured by Norland XR-800 Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and Tsinghua Tongfang BCA- ), Muscle content (LM), fat content (FM), and analyzed the correlation between whole body BMD and muscle and fat. Results (1) There was no significant difference between BIA and DXA in percentage of fat (FM%) and LM test, but there was significant difference between FM and BMC (P <0.05). ⑵ DXA measured male body BMC, LM and body mass were higher than girls, girls FM higher than boys. 13 to 15 years old, male and female body BMD no significant difference; 16 to 17 years old, boys BMD higher than girls. (3) The BMD of 106 volunteers was positively correlated with body mass, BMI and LM (r = 0.772 9, P = 0.000 0; r = 0.381 2, P = 0.000 0; r = 0.685 9, P = 0.000 0) The correlation with FM was not statistically significant (r = 0.158 6, P = 0.117 1). (4) By gender analysis, the BMD of 58 male boys was positively correlated with body mass, BMI, LM and FM (r = 0.810 7, P = 0.000 0; r = 0.491 6, P = 0.000 0; P = 0.000 0; r = 0.268 9, P = 0.030 9), but there was a low correlation between systemic BMD and FM. There was a positive correlation between systemic BMD and body mass, BMI and LM in 48 girls (r = 0.744 6, 0.000 0; r = 0.223 2, P <0.05; r = 0.739 5, P = 0.000 0), but no significant correlation with FM (r = 0.261 3, P = 0.072 9). (5) According to the age analysis, the BMD of boys in all ages from 13 to 17 was positively correlated with body mass and LM, but not with FM. At 13 and 14 years of age, the whole body BMD was not correlated with body mass and LM. There was a positive correlation between whole body BMD and body mass and LM at 15-17 years old. There was no correlation between FMD and FM in all age groups. Conclusion BMD of adolescents is positively correlated with body mass and BMI. Among them, muscle tissue plays an important role, which has little to do with adipose tissue. Adolescent children should strengthen nutrition, pay attention to physical activity, increase muscle mass and lean body mass, promote bone development, the accumulation of higher peak bone mass, to deal with senile osteoporosis.