前列腺素是一类从不饱和脂肪酸转变而来的小分子物质,广泛存在于动物和人体组织内,与机体的许多活动,如血液循环、生殖、肠道及神经系统活动、炎症和损伤等,有着密切的关系。早在1930年Kurarok就从羊精囊和人精液中提出了能引起子宫平滑肌收缩和血压下降的物质。以后证实羊精囊含有两类前列腺素:前列腺素E(PGE)和前列腺素F(PGF)。随后又在兔肾髓质提取了能使血压下降的前列腺素A_2(PGA_2)。自1966年Williams发现甲状腺髓样癌患者的肿瘤组织及血清中前列腺素含量明显升高以后,近二十年的研究表明前列腺素对肿瘤的发生和发展也 Prostaglandins are a class of small molecular substances that have been converted from unsaturated fatty acids. They are widely found in animals and human tissues, and have many activities with the body, such as blood circulation, reproduction, intestinal and nervous system activities, inflammation and injuries, etc. Have a close relationship. As early as 1930, Kurarok proposed a substance that can cause contraction of the uterine smooth muscle and blood pressure drop from the seminal vesicle and human semen. Later it was confirmed that the seminal vesicle contains two types of prostaglandins: prostaglandin E (PGE) and prostaglandin F (PGF). Subsequently, prostaglandin A2 (PGA_2), which lowers blood pressure, was extracted from rabbit kidney medulla. Since Williams discovered that the tumor tissue and serum prostaglandin levels in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma increased significantly in 1966, nearly 20 years of studies have shown that prostaglandins are also responsible for the occurrence and development of tumors.