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目的:探讨低强度超声对实验性乳腺增生组织激素受体表达的影响。方法:选用健康雌性新西兰大白兔24只,随机分为A、B、C 3组,每组8只,A组(空白对照组)不予造模和治疗,B组(假治疗组)和C组(治疗组)进行造模;造模后,B组给予假治疗,C组给予低强度超声治疗。观察并测定各组大白兔在建模前、建模后及治疗后15 d 3个时间点的乳头高度;通过HE染色观察各组兔乳腺组织的乳腺小叶数、腺泡数和导管上皮层数;通过免疫组化法检测各组兔乳腺组织内雌激素受体α(estrogen receptorα,ERα)、雌激素受体β(estrogen receptorβ,ERβ)和孕激素受体(progesterone receptor,PR)的表达。结果:(1)造模后B、C两组家兔乳头高度明显增高,与A组相比均有统计学意义(P=0.000、P=0.000);低强度超声治疗后15d,C组家兔乳头高度与B组相比明显减小(P=0.000)。(2)B组与A组相比,其乳腺小叶数、腺泡数和导管上皮层数均明显增加(P=0.000、P=0.000、P=0.000);低强度超声治疗后15 d,C组比B组的乳腺小叶数、腺泡数和导管上皮层数均显著减少(P=0.000、P=0.000、P=0.000)。(3)B组比A组ERα和PR的表达均升高(P=0.006,P=0.000);低强度超声治疗后15 d,C组与B组比较,其ERα和PR的表达均降低(P=0.039,P=0.000);3组间ERβ表达水平的差异并无统计学意义(F=0.013,P=0.987)。结论:通过调控雌孕激素受体的表达可能是低强度超声治疗乳腺增生的一个重要机制。
Objective: To investigate the effect of low intensity ultrasound on the expression of histone hormone receptor in experimental hyperplasia of mammary glands. Methods: Twenty-four healthy female New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups (A, B and C), with 8 rats in each group. A group (blank control group) Group (treatment group) modeling; modeling, B group given sham treatment, C group given low-intensity ultrasound treatment. The height of papillae in each group was observed and measured at 3 days after modeling, at 15 days after modeling. The numbers of mammary glandular lobes, alveoli and ductal epithelium in each group were observed by HE staining Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of estrogen receptorα, estrogen receptorβ (ERβ) and progesterone receptor (PR) in breast tissues of rabbits in each group. Results: (1) The height of papillae in rabbits B and C were significantly higher than that in group A (P = 0.000, P = 0.000). After 15 days of low-intensity ultrasound treatment, Rabbit nipple height was significantly reduced compared with group B (P = 0.000). (2) Compared with group A, the number of small intestine, alveoli and ductal epithelium in group B were significantly increased (P = 0.000, P = 0.000, P = 0.000) The number of breast leaflets, the number of acini and the number of ductal epithelial cells in group B were significantly lower than those in group B (P = 0.000, P = 0.000, P = 0.000). (3) The expressions of ERα and PR in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (P = 0.006, P = 0.000); The expression of ERα and PR in group C was lower than that in group B P = 0.039, P = 0.000). There was no significant difference in ERβexpression among the three groups (F = 0.013, P = 0.987). Conclusion: The regulation of estrogen and progesterone receptor expression may be an important mechanism of low intensity ultrasound in the treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands.