一、利用植物种质资源的意义植物种质资源(genetic resources,germoplasm resources),是具有一定遗传物质,表现一定遗传性状的植物资源。从遗传学的角度上看,植物的不同特性都具有其物质基础,都是由“种质”(基因)所决定的。也就是说,每一个“种”,代表着一个特殊的种质资源或种质库,物种一旦消失,就不能复得,植被一旦破坏,就难以恢复。世界上发达国家很早就认识到丰富而优异的植物种质资源,是自然进化和世界人民长期劳动的结晶,是人类赖以生存和维持生态平衡所必须,也是研究引种驯化和其他植物学分支学科的物质基础。因此,他们从种质的角度有目的地搜集和研究这些资源。利用不同的种质进行杂交育种,或 First, the significance of the use of plant germplasm resources Germplasm resources (genetic resources, germoplasm resources), is a certain genetic material, the performance of certain genetic traits plant resources. From a genetic point of view, different characteristics of plants have their material basis, are determined by the “germplasm” (gene). In other words, each “species” represents a special germplasm or genebank. Once the species disappears, it can not be reconstructed. Once the vegetation is destroyed, it will be hard to recover. The developed countries in the world have long recognized the rich and outstanding plant germplasm resources, which are the result of natural evolution and the long-term labor of the world people. They are necessary for the survival of human beings and for the maintenance of ecological balance. They are also for the study of introduction and domestication and other branches of botany Material basis of discipline. Therefore, they purposely collect and study these resources from the perspective of germplasm. Use different germplasm for crossbreeding, or