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为了阐明环境与蚤类群落动态及其生活史的关系,防止蚤类传播病原微生物,该文综述和分析了生境对蚤类群落及其生活史的影响。蚤类生活环境具有双重特性,由宿主和宿主生活环境两部分组成,某特定生境蚤类群落组成和丰富度不仅受到宿主的种类和相对丰富度影响,而且受生境本身特性影响。季节性特征分明的地方蚤类种群的丰富度和繁殖模式表现出显著的季节性变化。不同景观生态影响宿主动物的多样性,导致寄生蚤的种类、分布和密度不同。理解和掌握环境与蚤类群落动态及其生活史的关系,对控制蚤类、切断传播途径、防止传播病原微生物具有重要意义。
In order to clarify the relationship between environment and fleas community dynamics and their life history, and to prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms by fleas, this paper reviewed and analyzed the impact of habitat on the fleas community and its life history. The living environment of fleas has dual characteristics, and consists of two parts, host and host living environment. The composition and abundance of fleas community in a particular habitat are not only affected by the host species and relative abundance, but also affected by the habitat characteristics. The richness and reproductive patterns of fleas in seasonal areas show significant seasonal changes. Different landscape ecology affects the diversity of host animals, resulting in different species, distribution and density of parasitic fleas. To understand and grasp the relationship between environment and the dynamics of fleas community and its life history is of great importance to control fleas, cut off the route of transmission and prevent the spread of pathogenic microorganisms.