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震中距作为地震动衰减关系的参数,是地震现场快速评估的重要指标。根据汶川Ms 8.0级地震中378座严重震损土石坝的坐标数据,通过数理统计,分析不同梯段断层距和震中距下土石坝震损密度分布规律。对土石坝震损比例与震中距和断层距的相关性进行分析比较,并采用最小二乘法回归得出震损数量与震中距、断层距的关系式。结果显示汶川地震中土石坝的震损密度与断层距的相关性大于震中距。认为大震中宜采用断层距为评估现场震害的指标,中小震则宜选用震中距指标。
Seismic epicentral distance as a parameter of seismic attenuation relationship is an important indicator for rapid assessment of earthquake site. According to the coordinate data of 378 severely damped earth-rockfill dam in Wenchuan MS 8.0 earthquake, the distribution law of earthquake damage density of earth-rockfill dam with different section fault distance and epicentral distance is analyzed by mathematical statistics. The correlation between the earthquakes dam loss ratio and the epicentral distance and the fault distance is analyzed and compared. The least squares regression is used to get the relationship between the earthquake damage quantity and the epicenter distance and the fault distance. The results show that the correlation between the earthquake damage density and the fault distance of earth-rock dams in the Wenchuan earthquake is larger than the epicentral distance. In the opinion of large earthquakes, it is appropriate to use the fault distance as an index to evaluate the on-site seismic damage, and the epicentral distance index should be selected for small and medium-sized earthquakes.