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目的了解长江江滩江岸段日本血吸虫病流行因素及其特点,为制定江滩地区血吸虫病防制对策提供依据。方法采用系统抽样法结合环境抽样法,开展江滩钉螺调查工作;根据等距离棋盘式投放法投放鼠夹,对捕获的野鼠通过解剖学与粪便检查法进行检测;采用系统抽样法,收集江滩滩面新鲜人粪、犬粪及其他动物粪便,并进行孵化计算野粪阳性率。结果共调查钉螺面积318.07万m2,查出有螺面积256.93万m2,未发现感染性钉螺;共投放鼠夹868个,回收鼠夹738个,捕获野鼠67只,经解剖阳性野鼠2只,野鼠阳性率为0.23%;共收集各类新鲜野粪样本248份,经孵化阳性野粪2份,野粪阳性率为0.81%,阳性野粪经专家鉴定为犬粪。结论江滩地区血吸虫病流行可能与野鼠、狗等哺乳动物有关,但明确各种感染宿主在该地区血吸虫病传播的地位尚待进一步验证。
Objective To understand the epidemic factors and characteristics of schistosomiasis japonica in the riverbank of the Yangtze River bank and provide the evidence for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis in the river beach area. Methods Systematic sampling method and environmental sampling method were used to carry out surveys on the snail of river beach. According to the equidistance checkerboard method, the rats were put on the mouse clip to detect the captured wild animals through anatomy and stool examination. The systematic sampling method was used to collect the river banks Fresh human excrement, dog faeces and other animal excrement on the beach and hatch to calculate the positive rate of stool. Results A total of 3.187 million m2 of snails were found, with an area of 2,589,300 m2 of snails found. Infectious snails were found. A total of 868 rats were collected, 738 mice were recovered, 67 wild animals were captured, 2 wild animals were dissected, The positive rate was 0.23%. A total of 248 samples of fresh wild feces were collected, and 2 samples of positive wild feces were hatched. The positive rate of wild feces was 0.81%. Positive fecal samples were identified as canine faeces by experts. Conclusion The prevalence of schistosomiasis in Jiangtan area may be related to mammals such as voles, dogs and dogs, but the status of schistosomiasis transmission in various infected hosts should be further verified.