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采用板条CO2激光器对铝-钢异种金属搭接接头进行激光填丝焊接试验研究。分析了不同热输入量对焊缝成形质量的影响以及不同热输入量对焊缝显微组织、焊缝物相及力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,与低能量密度参数下的焊接接头相比高能量密度参数下的焊缝内部组织将不再均匀,而是出现了条状或块状金属间化合物FeAl,铝-铁界面产生的金属间化合物厚度增加,钢板熔化区主要物相也由低能量密度时的FeAl和Al与-αFe形成的固溶体转变为Fe3Al和Al与-αFe形成的固溶体,从而降低了焊缝的力学性能。拉剪结果显示,高能量密度焊接参数下的焊缝抗拉(剪)强度仅为低能量密度下的72.9%。
Experimental study of laser welding of aluminum - steel dissimilar metal lap joints with slab CO2 laser. The influence of different heat input on weld quality and the influence of heat input on weld microstructure, weld phase and mechanical properties were analyzed. The experimental results show that, compared with the welded joint under the low energy density parameter, the internal microstructure of the weld under the high energy density parameter is no longer uniform, but the appearance of the strip-shaped or bulk intermetallic compound FeAl and the aluminum-iron interface The thickness of the intermetallic compound increases and the main phase in the melting zone of the steel plate also changes from the solid solution formed by FeAl and Al and -αFe to the solid solution formed by Fe3Al and Al and αFe, thus reducing the mechanical properties of the weld. Tensile shear results show that the tensile (shear) strength of welds under high energy density welding parameters is only 72.9% at low energy densities.