从生物体的能量消耗最小化原则来讲,生理意义上的基因表达调控多发生在转录水平,尤其是转录伊始不难理解——这样可以避免进行无用的转录过程和mRNA的剪切工作,从而避免了大量的资源浪费。相应地,目前被人们所熟悉的基因表达调控位点几乎都集中在基因的5’端,即转录调控的主要作用位置。然而基因不只有5’端序列,其3’端序列以长度推测亦应富含信息量。目前普遍被接受的一种观点是,基因的3’端,尤其是3’非翻译区涉及了基因转录后水平的调控过程,主要参与mRNA的稳定性、基因表达的定位以及翻译效率等生理进程 In terms of the principle of minimizing the energy consumption of an organism, the regulation of gene expression in the physiological sense occurs mostly at the level of transcription, especially at the beginning of transcription, so as to avoid useless transcription and mRNA cleavage Avoid a lot of waste of resources. Correspondingly, almost all of the gene expression regulatory sites that are currently familiar with are focused on the 5 ’end of the gene, which is the main site of transcriptional regulation. However, the gene has not only the 5 ’end sequence, but also the 3’ end sequence should be informative in length. One widely accepted view is that the 3 ’end of the gene, especially the 3’ untranslated region, is involved in the regulation of gene post-transcriptional levels and is mainly involved in physiological processes such as mRNA stability, localization of gene expression, and translational efficiency