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(一)阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。正解与误读是阅读阐释中经常碰到的是非之争,两者难解难分,又必解必分。读者的正解往往是在不断克服误读的过程中获得的。关于误读,阅读学界存在着真误读和假误读之辨。中外一些学者认为,误读永远是一个客观的存在,是一种规律性现象。美国耶鲁大学哈罗德·布鲁姆教授在20世纪70年代曾连续发表四部著作,系统论述了“诗的误读”:“一首新诗总是后辈诗人对前
(a) Read the following text to complete 1~3 questions. Positive solutions and misunderstandings are the disputes between the right and wrong often encountered in reading and interpretation. The two are inextricably linked and they must be solved. Readers’ positive solutions are often obtained in the course of overcoming misunderstandings. Regarding misreading, there is a distinction between true misreading and false misreading in the reading school. Some scholars at home and abroad believe that misreading is always an objective existence and is a regular phenomenon. Prof. Harold Bloom of Yale University in the United States has published four books in the 1970s. It systematically discusses the misunderstanding of poetry: ”A new poem is always the poet of a younger generation.