以廉价的竹屑为原料制备了生物质炭基固体磺酸替代昂贵的锆金属基固体酸催化剂以及糖基的磺化炭催化剂。通过X射线衍射(XRD)和红外光谱(FT-IR)分析方法检测磺化炭无定形芳香稠环结构上有磺酸功能基团分布。利用甲醇气相循环带水装置酯化处理高酸值餐饮废油制备生物柴油,在105℃,催化剂用量为4wt%的条件下反应5h酯化率达到98.84%,当原料含水量为6%时酯化率仍能达到98%以上,甲酯含量达94.1%。试验证明,磺化炭具有固体超强酸的催化效果,是一种新型、环境友好的生物柴油固体酸催化剂。 A low-cost bamboo charcoal was used as a raw material to prepare carbon-based solid sulfonic acid instead of expensive zirconium metal-based solid acid catalyst and glycosyl sulfonated carbon catalyst. The distribution of sulfonic acid functional groups on the amorphous aromatic condensed ring structure of sulfonated carbon was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The biodiesel was prepared by esterification of waste oil with high acid value from waste gas with methanol gas phase circulating water system. Under the conditions of 105 ℃ and 4wt% of catalyst, the esterification rate reached 98.84% for 5h. When the moisture content was 6% The conversion rate can still reach more than 98%, methyl ester content of 94.1%. Experiments show that sulfonated carbon has the catalytic effect of solid superacid and is a new type of environmentally friendly biodiesel solid acid catalyst.