论文部分内容阅读
本文以长白山国家级自然保护区及其外围的4个林业局为研究区,基于2004年和2015年的Landsat遥感影像数据,分析了保护区与周边林业局的森林景观格局在空间分布、形状、破碎化程度和多样性等方面的变化。结果表明:长白山保护区与周边林业局之间的森林景观格局变化既有一致性,也存在着差异。与2004年相比,2015年保护区与周边林业局的林地景观形状均变得简单规则,针叶林景观面积减少,主要转变成了针阔混交林。保护区内林地总面积基本不变,而保护区周边林业局内的林地总面积共减少了7326 hm2,转出的林地主要变成了耕地,其次是裸地及采伐地和建设用地。保护区及周边林业局普遍表现为景观破碎化加重,景观异质性和景观多样性增加,受人为干扰明显。另外,不同林业局之间的景观格局变化不一致。例如,白河林业局内林地景观形状趋于简单规则,破碎化得到改善,而泉阳和松江河林业局却表现出相反的趋势。
Taking Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve and its four forestry bureaus as the research area, this paper analyzed the spatial distribution, shape, spatial distribution and spatial distribution of the forest landscape pattern of the nature reserve and the surrounding forestry bureaus based on the Landsat imagery data of 2004 and 2015, The degree of fragmentation and diversity and other changes. The results show that the change of forest landscape pattern between the Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve and the surrounding forestry bureaus has both the consistency and the difference. Compared with 2004, the landscape pattern of the forest land in the nature reserve and the surrounding forestry bureaus in 2015 has become simple and straightforward. The landscape area of coniferous forests has decreased and mainly transformed into coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests. The total area of forestland in the reserve remained basically unchanged, while the total area of forestland in the forestry bureau surrounding the reserve decreased by 7326 hm2 in total. The converted forestland mainly turned into cultivated land, followed by bare land, harvested land and construction land. Protected areas and surrounding forestry bureaus are generally characterized by aggravated landscape fragmentation, increased landscape heterogeneity and landscape diversity, and significant human disturbance. In addition, the change of landscape pattern between different forestry bureaus is inconsistent. For example, the landscape pattern of the woodland in the Baihe Forestry Bureau tends to be simple and the fragmentation is improved, while the Quyang and Songjianghe Forestry Bureau show the opposite trend.