用 SiC 和 Si_3N_4 晶须增强和增韧陶瓷正在受到人们的重视,取得了一定的进展。晶须属于高纯度超细单晶体,取向高度一致,强度接近于原子间结合力。制备 SiC 晶须,可归纳如下几种方法:有机硅化合物的热分解法;SiCl_4 等卤化物与CCl_4、碳氢化合物反应法;在高温(2500℃)下升华再结晶法;Si 和 C 在高温下,Fe, The use of SiC and Si_3N_4 whiskers to enhance and toughen ceramics is being valued by people and some progress has been made. Whiskers belong to high purity ultrafine single crystals, the orientation of a high degree of consistency, strength close to the binding force between atoms. Preparation of SiC whiskers can be summarized as follows: thermal decomposition of organic silicon compounds; SiCl_4 and other halides and CCl_4, hydrocarbon reaction; high temperature (2500 ℃) sublimation recrystallization; Si and C at high temperature Under, Fe,