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2007～2008年,在湖北省公安县和红安县试验基地开展了免耕栽培措施对油菜生长发育特征的影响研究,结果表明,油菜播种后旋耕盖草和留茬30 cm+稻草覆盖处理出苗快,所有处理播种至出苗时间分别为5～7 d和7～9 d;油菜越冬期苗高、绿叶数、叶面积指数、开展度、地上部分干重和地下部分干重均为稻草覆盖处理高于对应的未覆盖处理;冻害指数以留茬30 cm+稻草覆盖后最低,公安县的油菜大多数表现为0,1,2级冻害,红安县的油菜大多数表现为2级和3级冻害;旋耕盖草后产量最高,比留茬10 cm不覆盖稻草处理分别增产13.20%和19.79%,达极显著水平。因此,油菜免耕留茬直播并覆盖稻草是有效的轻简化栽培措施。
From 2007 to 2008, the effects of no-tillage cultivation on the growth and development characteristics of rape were studied in Gong’an County of Hubei Province and Hong’an County. The results showed that the emergence of rape seedlings after 30 g + , And all the treatments from sowing time to emergence time were 5 ~ 7 d and 7 ~ 9 d respectively. The seedling height, number of green leaves, leaf area index, development degree, above-ground part of dry weight and dry weight of underground part of rape were the straw- In the corresponding uncoated treatment, the frost damage index was the lowest after the stubble was covered with 30 cm + straw and most of the rape in the public security county showed 0, 1 and 2 frost damage. Most of the rape in Hongan County showed grade 2 and 3 frost damage. The yield was the highest after rotary grazing, which increased by 13.20% and 19.79% respectively compared with 10 cm uncoated straw, reaching the extremely significant level. Therefore, rape no-tillage stubble direct seeding and covering the straw is an effective light-simplified cultivation measures.