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本文首先简述了声发射的原理及其测量技术。接着对声发射分析方法在淬火、回火和退火等几个方面的具体应用进行了详细的评述和分析研究。马氏体形成时出现强度可测出的信号,奥氏体→铁素体(珠光体)的相转变则不能发生可测出的信号。声发射信号强度与组织形态有关,碳含量高时形成片状马氏体的声发射活性比形成板条状马氏体要强。马氏体回火时不出现可测出的信号。声发射分析对于探测退火时裂纹的发生及其扩展是一种有效的方法。与其它无损检测方比法较起来,声发射分析的特点是,它不仅可作最终检验,而且可以用少量的传感器进行连续监测,这种方法对于大型构件具有特殊重要的经济意义。
This paper first briefly describes the principle of acoustic emission and measurement techniques. Then the acoustic emission analysis method in quenching, tempering and annealing several aspects of the specific application of a detailed review and analysis. The formation of martensite intensity can be measured signal, the austenite → ferrite (pearlite) phase transition can not be measured signal. Acoustic emission signal intensity and tissue morphology, carbon content is high when the formation of lamellar martensite acoustic emission activity than the formation of lath martensite stronger. Martensite tempering does not appear measurable signal. Acoustic emission analysis is an effective method for detecting the occurrence and propagation of cracks during annealing. Compared with other non-destructive testing square method, the characteristic of acoustic emission analysis is that it can not only be the final test, but also can be continuously monitored with a small number of sensors. This method has special economic significance for large-scale components.