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目的了解滨州市手足口病咽拭子标本阳性率影响因素,提高阳性率。方法 2011-2012年,收集滨州市所辖各县区手足口病病例咽拭子标本1 226份,用荧光定量RT-PCR法进行核酸检测,分析阳性率影响因素。结果总阳性率为52.12%(639/1 226),发病2d内的标本阳性率较高,时间间隔越久阳性率越低;重症病例阳性率高于轻症病例;西南部县区阳性率高于东北部县区;12~次年1月份和5~7月份阳性率高于其余月份;各年龄组阳性率呈抛物线形。结论采集时间、病例类型、患者年龄、发病月份、地域分布与阳性率相关。
Objective To understand the influencing factors of the positive rate of throat swab specimens of hand-foot-mouth disease in Binzhou and to improve the positive rate. Methods From 2011 to 2012, 1,226 throat swabs from hand, foot and mouth disease were collected from counties under the jurisdiction of Binzhou City. The nucleic acid was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and the influencing factors of positive rate were analyzed. Results The positive rate was 52.12% (639/1 226). The positive rate was higher within 2 days of onset and the positive rate was lower in the longer time interval. The positive rate of severe cases was higher than that of mild cases. The positive rate in southwest counties was higher than that of mild cases Northeast counties; the positive rates in January-May and July-July were higher than those in other months; the positive rates in all age groups were parabolic. Conclusion The time of collection, the type of cases, the age of patients, the month of onset and the geographical distribution are related to the positive rate.