新生儿在下列情况时应考虑为病理性黄疸:1.生后第一天出现黄疸;2.足月新生儿胆红素定量超过12毫克%,早产儿超过15毫克%;3.黄疸持续一周以上;4.血清胆红素定量每日增加超过5毫克%或每小时超过0.5毫克%。一、新生儿黄疸的分类新生儿期黄疸的原因十分复杂,合理分类对明确诊断和治疗都有帮助。现根据发病机制、病因及黄疸出现时间分类如表2。二、新生儿病理性黄疸的诊断及鉴别诊断根据我们的临床观察,引起新生儿黄疸的原因可随日龄而不同,生后二周以内血清胆红素是以间胆增高为主,多数由溶血引起,少数为肝细胞处理胆红素障碍所致。出生二周以后生理性黄疸不退或反而加重,或黄退而复现,血清中主要是直胆增高,为胆红素排泄障碍所致;少数病种亦可以间胆增加为主。为便于临床掌握,现将新生儿病理性黄疸的诊断根据日龄不同(二周内和二周后)分别进行讨论。(一)生后二周内新生儿病理性黄疸常见原因 Newborns should be considered for the pathological jaundice in the following circumstances: 1. Jaundice on the first day after birth; 2. The full-term neonatal bilirubin quantitation exceeds 12 mg% and the preterm infant exceeds 15 mg%; 3. Jaundice lasts for one week 4. Serum bilirubin quantitation increased by more than 5 mg% daily or more than 0.5 mg% per hour. First, the classification of neonatal jaundice The causes of jaundice in neonatal period is very complicated, reasonable classification of a clear diagnosis and treatment are helpful. Now based on the pathogenesis, etiology and jaundice appeared in Table 2. Second, the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of neonatal pathological jaundice According to our clinical observation, the cause of neonatal jaundice may vary with age, within two weeks after birth serum bilirubin is mainly based on increased gall bladder, the majority of Hemolysis, a small number of liver cells due to treatment of bilirubin disorders. Physiological jaundice after two weeks of birth or without or without exacerbating, or yellow retreat and return, the serum is mainly increased gallbladder, due to bilirubin excretion disorders; a small number of diseases can also be increased between the main gall. In order to facilitate clinical control, the diagnosis of neonatal pathological jaundice is now separately discussed according to the age (two weeks and two weeks later). (A) common causes of neonatal pathological jaundice within two weeks after birth