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目的通过对社区居民及出租车驾驶员慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的筛查,了解其不同的患病率和可能的患病因素,并探讨有效的预防控制措施。方法 2010年6月—2011年3月分别调查了社区居民596人和出租车驾驶员507人,首先进行问卷调查,随后进行肺通气功能检查,发现COPD病例。结果总人群中社区居民平均年龄大于出租车驾驶员,COPD患病率差异无统计学意义;≥40岁人群中社区居民平均年龄大于出租车驾驶员,COPD患者平均年龄社区居民大于出租车驾驶员;社区居民COPD患病率小于出租车驾驶员;总人群中轻、重度和极重度COPD患者,社区居民患病率高于出租车驾驶员。结论出租车驾驶员COPD患病年龄小于社区居民,而COPD患病率高于社区居民,分析与出租车驾驶员主动和被动吸烟、接触汽车尾气多、工作环境空气污染重有关,需加强对出租车驾驶员防控COPD的教育。
Objective To screen for community residents and taxi driver chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to understand their different prevalence and possible risk factors, and to explore effective prevention and control measures. Methods From June 2010 to March 2011, 596 community residents and 507 taxi drivers were surveyed. First, a questionnaire survey was conducted and pulmonary function tests were performed to detect COPD cases. Results The average age of community residents in the total population was greater than that of taxi drivers. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of COPD between the two groups. The average age of residents in the population over 40 was greater than that of taxi drivers. The average age of COPD patients was larger than that of taxi drivers . The prevalence of COPD in community residents was lower than that of taxi drivers. The prevalence of community residents was higher than that of taxi drivers in the general population with mild, severe and severe COPD. Conclusions The taxi driver’s COPD prevalence is less than that of community residents, while the prevalence of COPD is higher than that of community residents. The analysis is related to taxi driver active and passive smoking, exposure to vehicle exhaust and air pollution in work environment, Car driver prevention and control of COPD education.