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日裔美国政治哲学家弗朗西斯·福山曾做出大胆预测,“经济和政治自由主义不折不扣的胜利……是西方社会的真正胜利”。时过境迁,如今的世界俨然呈现出不同的局面。据国际货币基金组织估计,中国的GDP会在2016年赶超美国。最近,关于西方社会经济放缓的原因,有种“去杠杆化”的说法颇为流行——这就是痛苦的减债过程(即所谓的资产负债表修复)。毋庸置疑,如今西方社会的债务规模几乎达到了史无前例的地步。在美国历史上,公债私债的总和超过GDP的250%,这种情况是第二次出现。但这种情况却不是美国所独有,
Francis Fukuyama, a Japanese-American political philosopher, once boldly predicted that “the triumph of economic and political liberalism ... is a real victory for Western society.” After the passage of time, the world today seems to present a different situation. According to the International Monetary Fund, China’s GDP will catch up with the United States by 2016. Recently, the reason for the slowing down of the social economy in the West has been the prevalence of “deleveraging” - a painful debt relief process (so-called balance sheet remediation). Undoubtedly, the scale of debt in Western society is now almost unprecedented. In the history of the United States, the sum of public debt and private debt exceeds 250% of GDP, and this is the second time. However, this situation is not unique to the United States.