【摘 要】
：
Dawning Nebulae is a heterogeneous system composed of 9280 multi-core x86 CPUs and 4640 NVIDIA Fermi GPUs. With a Linpack performance of 1.271 petaFLOPS, it was
【机 构】
：
Key Laboratory of Computer System and Architecture,Institute of Computing Technology,Graduate Univer
【基金项目】
：
the National Hi-Tech Research and Development 863 Program of China;the Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China;the National Natural Science Founda
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Dawning Nebulae is a heterogeneous system composed of 9280 multi-core x86 CPUs and 4640 NVIDIA Fermi GPUs. With a Linpack performance of 1.271 petaFLOPS, it was ranked the second in the TOP500 List released in June 2010. In this paper, key issues in the system design of Dawning Nebulae are introduced. System tuning methodologies aiming at petaFLOPS Linpack result are presented, including algorithmic optimization and communication improvement. The design of its file I/O subsystem, including HVFS and the underlying DCFS3, is also described. Performance evaluations show that the Linpack efficiency of each node reaches 69.89%, and 1024-node aggregate read and write bandwidths exceed 100 GB/s and 70 GB/s respectively. The success of Dawning Nebulae has demonstrated the viability of CPU/GPU heterogeneous structure for future designs of supercomputers.
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