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目的探讨单纯性肥胖对儿童体质及健康的影响,为单纯性肥胖的预防及早期干预提供理论依据。方法结合教育部、国家体育总局《国家学生体质健康标准》细则要求,并参照Achenbach儿童行为量表,比较分析103例单纯性肥胖儿童和102例正常对照组儿童的体质及健康现状。结果 1)肥胖组儿童的身体形态指标包括体质指数、胸围、皮褶厚度均明显高于对照组;2)生理机能指标中,肺活量体质指数肥胖组低于对照组;3)身体素质指标中,立定跳远、实心球、坐位体前屈及握力指数肥胖组均低于对照组,25m×2往返跑所用时间肥胖组大于对照组;4)心理素质及社会适应能力肥胖组低于对照组;5)体质健康指标综合评价肥胖组优良率为11.7%,达标率为67.0%,对照组优良率为59.8%,达标率为91.2%。结论单纯性肥胖明显影响儿童的身体形态、生理机能、体质、心理及社会适应能力等,对儿童健康成长构成危害,应当引起医学及教育工作者的高度重视。
Objective To investigate the effect of simple obesity on children’s physical fitness and health and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and early intervention of simple obesity. Methods The physical and health status of 103 children with obesity and 102 children with normal controls were analyzed according to Achenbach Children’s Behavior Scale, in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Education and the General Administration of Sport of China on the National Students’ Physical Health Criteria. Results 1) The body shape indexes of obesity group including body mass index, chest circumference and skinfold thickness were significantly higher than those of the control group; 2) Among the physical and psychological indexes, the vital capacity index was lower in the obesity group than in the control group; 3) Standing long jump, solid ball, sitting body flexion and grip index obesity group were lower than the control group, 25m × 2 round-trip run time obesity group is larger than the control group; 4) psychological quality and social adaptability obesity group was lower than the control group; ) Comprehensive evaluation of physical health indicators of obesity group was 11.7%, the compliance rate was 67.0%, the control group was 59.8%, the compliance rate was 91.2%. Conclusion Simple obesity significantly affects children’s body shape, physiology, physical fitness, psychology and social adaptability, which pose a hazard to the healthy growth of children and should be highly regarded by medical and education workers.