前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)检查是早期发现前列腺癌的常规实验,但由于该标志物缺乏特异性和敏感性,使其早期发现前列腺癌受到限制。近年来,新的前列腺疾病检测标志物及PSA衍生物,如年龄特异性PSA、PSA密度、PSA速度、人体舒血管素2、前列腺特异性膜抗原等在临床的应用,以及总的和游离PSA比率概念等相继提出,为提高前列腺癌检出的阳性率,使患者能够尽早得到治疗提供了可靠的诊断信息。 Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) tests are routine tests for the early detection of prostate cancer, but due to the lack of specificity and sensitivity of the marker, prostate cancer is limited in its early detection. In recent years, new prostate disease detection markers and PSA derivatives, such as age-specific PSA, PSA density, PSA velocity, human vasodilator 2, prostate-specific membrane antigen in clinical applications, and total and free PSA The concept of ratio have been proposed in order to improve the positive rate of prostate cancer, so that patients can be treated as soon as possible to provide a reliable diagnostic information.