引言现在果树栽培学的研究方向正在预示着果园作业的根本变革,但是这种变革在果实的商品生产上实现将是许多年以后的事。同时果树栽培者只能根据当前的研究所提供的指导来行事。这篇评述是对现状的分析。其目的是提出苹果园的某些实质性的特点,这些特点现在还不能随意地加以改革。“果树的栽植距离必须合理地适应于果树的自然生长。”Cain 这个朴质的陈述确实 INTRODUCTION Nowadays, the research direction of fruit trees is heralding fundamental changes in orchard operations, but such changes will come many years after the fruit commodities are produced. At the same time, fruit growers can only act according to the guidance provided by current research institutes. This review is an analysis of the status quo. Its purpose is to propose some substantive features of apple orchards, which are not yet freely reformable. “The planting distance of the fruit trees must be reasonably adapted to the natural growth of the fruit trees.” This plain statement from Cain