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桃江锰矿区发育有较完整的表生氧化剖面，根据不同深度矿石的结构构造、矿物组合及化学成分特征，将表生氧化剖面分成三个带：氧化矿石带、过渡矿石带和原生矿石带。桃江锰矿原生矿石矿物主要为含锰碳酸盐，表生富集作用包括两个地球化学过程：可溶杂质的溶解淋失作用和锰质的氧化残留作用。在过渡矿石带中，可溶性杂质发生大规模溶解迁移，锰质发生相对富集；氧化矿石带中，碳酸锰氧化成难溶的高价锰的氧化物，使锰质残留下来，形成富锰的氧化帽。过渡矿石中易溶组份的淋失，不仅使矿石品位相对升高，同时可在矿石内部形成大量孔隙，促使矿石内部碳酸锰与大气和水直接接触，加速了矿石中锰质的氧化作用。
According to the structure, mineral assemblage and chemical composition characteristics of ore at different depths, the epiphytic oxidation profile is divided into three zones: oxidized ore zone, transitional ore zone and primary ore zone. The primary ore minerals of the Taojiang manganese ore are mainly manganese-bearing carbonates. The supergene enrichment includes two geochemical processes: dissolution leaching of soluble impurities and oxidation residual of manganese. In the transitional ore belt, the soluble impurities migrate on a large scale and the manganese is relatively enriched. In the oxidized ore belt, the manganese carbonate is oxidized into the refractory high-valent manganese oxide, which causes the manganese to remain and forms a manganese-rich oxidation cap. The leaching of soluble components in the transitional ore not only makes the grade of ore relatively increase, but also forms a large number of pores in the ore to promote the direct contact between the manganese carbonate in the ore and the atmosphere and water, accelerating the oxidation of manganese in the ore.