论文部分内容阅读
采用Ｈａｙｍａｎ双列分析法较为系统地研究了抗倒性状的基因效应，并进行了杂种优势分析。结果表明，小麦抗倒性状的遗传以加性效应和显性效应为主，且以显性效应较为重要。倒伏指数、重心高度、地上部鲜重和茎秆抗折力的遗传还受上位性效应的作用。亲本中正、负效应基因的分布不均匀。倒伏指数、重心高度、地上部鲜重和大维管束数目的显性方向为增效；茎秆抗折力、茎壁厚度、髓腔直径、机械组织厚度和小维管束数目等性状的显性方向指向减效。茎秆抗折力的遗传力最高，茎壁厚度次之。抗倒性状大多数表现为中间倾高亲遗传，小维管束数目和机械组织厚度Ｆ１代表现中间倾低亲，只有地上部鲜重表现超高亲遗传。
The Hayman double-row analysis was used to systematically study the gene effect of lodging resistance and analyze the heterosis. The results showed that the inheritance of lodging resistance in wheat was dominated by additive effect and dominant effect, and dominant effect was more important. The lodging index, the height of the center of gravity, the fresh weight of the shoots and the genetic resistance of the stems were also affected by epistasis. Parents positive and negative effects of gene distribution uneven. Lodging index, center of gravity, fresh weight of shoots and the number of large vascular bundles were synergistic; dominance of traits such as bending resistance, stem wall thickness, medullary cavity diameter, mechanical tissue thickness and the number of small vascular bundles The direction of the reduction. Stem straw yield the highest heritability, stem wall thickness second. Most of the lodging resistance traits showed mid-dominance progeny. The number of small vascular bundles and the thickness of the mechanical tissue F1 represented the middle-dipped progeny. Only the fresh weight of the above-ground parts showed hypergenetic progeny.