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目的分析新疆哈巴河县包虫病防治项目实施效果,为包虫病的防治提供依据。方法收集2008-2013年全县人群筛查、犬感染情况、儿童感染情况和中间宿主羊患病情况等监测数据进行分析。结果全县共筛查42 356人次,查出患者161人,推算目前全县包虫病患病率为0.38%。共检测4~6岁儿童血清样本7 195人份,其中阳性样本337人份,儿童血清棘球蚴抗体阳性率由2010年的6.50%下降至2013年的2.20%,呈逐年下降趋势(χ2趋势=32.30,P<0.001)。共检测犬粪样本5 300份,其中阳性样本160份,犬粪抗原阳性率由2008年的11.60%下降至2013年的1.58%,呈逐年下降趋势(χ2趋势=58.88,P<0.001)。共检查0~2岁羊3 830只,其中患病281只,中间宿主羊的患病率由2008年的27.20%下降至2013年的2.40%,呈逐年下降趋势(χ2趋势=298.9,P<0.001)。结论包虫病防治项目实施6年来,基本摸清了哈巴河县包虫病流行底数,在降低当地终末宿主犬的棘球绦虫感染率,儿童血清棘球蚴抗体阳性率和中间宿主羊的患病率方面效果显著,应该长期坚持。
Objective To analyze the implementation effect of hydatid disease prevention and control project in Habahe County of Xinjiang and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of hydatid disease. Methods The data collected from 2008 to 2013, including population screening, dog’s infection, children’s infection and the prevalence of intermediate host sheep, were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 42 356 people were enrolled in the county and 161 patients were identified. The current prevalence of hydatid disease in the whole county is 0.38%. A total of 7 195 serum samples from 4 to 6 years old children were detected, of which 337 were positive samples. The positive rate of serum antibody of children with hydatid cysts decreased from 6.50% in 2010 to 2.20% in 2013, showing a declining trend year by year (χ2 trend = 32.30, P <0.001). A total of 5 300 samples of canine faeces were detected, including 160 positive samples. The positive rate of canine antigen decreased from 11.60% in 2008 to 1.58% in 2013, showing a declining trend year by year (χ2 = 58.88, P <0.001). A total of 3 830 sheep aged 0-2 years were examined, of which 281 were ill. The prevalence of intermediate host sheep decreased from 27.20% in 2008 to 2.40% in 2013, showing a declining trend year by year (χ2 trend = 298.9, P < 0.001). Conclusions The hydatid disease prevention and control project has basically cleared the epidemic base of echinococcosis in Habahe County in the past 6 years. It is significant to reduce the infection rate of Echinococcus granulosus in local terminal dogs, the positive rate of serum antibody of hydatid cyst and the intermediate host sheep The prevalence of significant results, it should be long-term adherence.