组织嗜碱细胞又名肥大细胞(Mast cell),1877年Paul Erich等首先描述。1949年有人在尸检时发现色素性荨麻疹可伴有内脏肥大细胞浸润。1957年Efarati等提出肥大细胞白血病病的诊断。1966年以前文献上报导细胞增生症不足1000例。国内对组织嗜碱细胞研究不多,1979年解放军163医院病理科报导一例肥大细胞白血病,1980年浦氏等报道血液病患者骨髓肥大细胞计数的观察。急性早幼粒细胞白血病(简称APL)伴 Tissue basophils, also known as Mast cells, were first described by Paul Erich et al. In 1877. In 1949, autopsies were found in pigmented urticaria may be associated with visceral mast cell infiltration. Efarati et al 1957 made the diagnosis of mast cell leukemia. Before 1966 literature reported cell hyperplasia less than 1000 cases. Domestic research on basophilic cells is not much, in 1979 PLA Hospital 163 Department of Pathology reported a case of mast cell leukemia, in 1980, Pu and other reports of hematological malignancies in patients with bone marrow mast cell count observations. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) with