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针对卡车轮边减速器中行星圆柱齿轮提出一种正挤压成形工艺。为了获得更好的齿轮正挤压工艺参数,采用正交试验设计和有限元模拟对齿轮正挤压成形工艺参数进行多目标优化。以最大成形载荷、齿轮塌角高度、锻件最大损伤值和模具磨损为评价指标,研究了凹模入模角、工作带长度、毛坯直径系数、挤压速度和摩擦系数对齿轮成形结果的影响。采用综合平衡分析法确定了显著影响因素并确定了最佳取值,即凹模入模角35°、毛坯直径系数1.20、挤压速度70 mm·s-1。经工艺试验验证,优化后的正挤压成形工艺能够生产质量合格的齿轮。
Aiming at the planetary gear in the wheel reducer, a positive extrusion process is proposed. In order to obtain a better gear forward extrusion process parameters, using orthogonal design and finite element simulation of gear extrusion process parameters for multi-objective optimization. The effects of die insert angle, working belt length, blank diameter coefficient, extrusion speed and friction coefficient on the results of gear forming were studied with the maximum forming load, the height of gear collapse, the maximum damage value of forging and the die wear. The comprehensive balance analysis method was used to determine the significant influencing factors and determine the best value, namely the die angle of 35 °, the blank diameter coefficient of 1.20, the extrusion speed of 70 mm · s-1. After the process test validation, the optimized extrusion process can produce qualified quality gear.