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以新疆乌恰县境内自然分布的6个新疆沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus nanus(M.Pop.)Cheng f.)居群的120份样品为研究对象,采用RAPD分子标记对其遗传多样性水平和种群遗传结构进行分析。结果表明:从33个随机引物中筛选出8个多态性较高且扩增稳定的引物,共扩增出41条DNA条带,多态位点26个,多态性比率(PPB)占63.41%,物种水平遗传多样性相对丰富,居群水平遗传多样性水平较低,各居群间的遗传多样性水平差异不大,Nei’s基因多样性(h)指数和Shannon’s信息多样性指数(I)分别为0.1169和0.1707,居群间遗传分化系数Gst为0.4171,遗传变异主要存在于居群内,居群之间产生了一定的遗传分化,基因流Nm为0.6989。根据UPGMA聚类图,6个居群可划分为两支,一支是吾合沙鲁居群和2个肖尔布拉克居群,另一支是康苏居群、巴音库鲁乡的托帕尔居群和阿合其居群。新疆沙冬青6个自然居群的遗传距离的分子聚类结果与其地理分布位置密切相关。
A total of 120 samples from six populations of Ammopiptanthus nanus (M.Pop.) Cheng f., Which are naturally distributed in Wuqia County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, were selected as research objects. Genetic diversity and population genetic diversity Structure analysis. The results showed that 8 primers with high polymorphism and stable amplification were screened out from 33 random primers. A total of 41 DNA bands were amplified with 26 polymorphic loci. Polymorphic ratio (PPB) accounted for 63.41%. The genetic diversity of species level was relatively rich, the level of genetic diversity at population level was low, and the genetic diversity among the populations was not significantly different. Nei’s gene diversity (h) index and Shannon’s information diversity index (I ) Were 0.1169 and 0.1707, respectively. The genetic differentiation coefficient Gst was 0.4171. The genetic variation mainly existed in the population. Genetic divergence was observed among the populations, and the gene flow Nm was 0.6989. According to the UPGMA clustering map, the six populations can be divided into two groups, one is the Wuxhaharu population and the other two Shobrak communities, the other is the Kangsu population, the Bayan Kulu township Topa Seoul population and A combined population. The molecular clustering results of the genetic distances among the six natural populations of Astragalus are closely related to their geographical distribution.