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用射线照射离体人血的实验方法,研究所诱发的染色体畸变与受照剂量的关系,始于六十年代初期。1962年Bender和Gooch首次使用X线进行了这方面的研究。他们发现畸变率与受照剂量间存在着密切的定量关系,建立了可以相互推导的回归方程,并且提出了利用染色体畸变作为“生物剂量计”测定受照人员的吸收剂量的可能性。此后,很多工作证实,X线、γ线、中子及其它粒子流,照射离体人血所诱发的染色体畸变与受照剂量间都有这种密切的定量关系。与此同时,动物实验及肿瘤病人放疗的研究,
The experimental method of irradiating ex vivo human blood with radiation was used to study the relationship between the chromosomal aberrations induced and the doses to be administered, which began in the early 1960s. Bender and Gooch in 1962 for the first time using X-ray research in this area. They found that there was a close quantitative relationship between the aberration rate and the dose to be administered, established regression equations that could be derived from each other, and proposed the possibility of using chromosomal aberrations as the “dosimeter” to determine the absorbed dose of the exposed person. Since then, many work has confirmed that X-ray, gamma ray, neutron and other particle flow, irradiation of human blood induced chromosome aberration and exposure dose have this close quantitative relationship between. At the same time, animal experiments and research on radiotherapy of tumor patients,