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呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)是有包膜单股负链RNA病毒,是世界范围内婴幼儿主要呼吸道病原体,也是重度免疫抑制者或老年人发病致死的主要原因。RSV M蛋白是RSV非糖基化内膜结构蛋白,其核转运及调节在感染细胞的病毒组装方面起重要作用。M蛋白由IMP识别NLS序列介导核转入,通过与细胞核成分结合而存留在细胞核中,由Crm-1识别NES序列介导核转出,可能通过磷酸化调节其核转运。关于M蛋白核转运的研究,国内尚无相关文献,国外已基本研究出M蛋白核转运所需的介导因素。M蛋白核转运的研究对于利用此机理开发抗RSV复制的药物有利,此过程的机理仍需进一步研究。本文对M蛋白的核转运及其调节进行综述。
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an enveloped single-stranded minus-strand RNA virus, which is the major respiratory pathogens in infants and young children in the world. It is also the main cause of death caused by severe immunosuppressants or the elderly. The RSV M protein is a non-glycosylated endosomal structural protein of RSV whose nuclear transport and regulation play an important role in the viral assembly of infected cells. M protein is mediated by the IMP recognition NLS sequence to mediate nuclear translocation, survives in the cell nucleus by binding to nuclear components, and Nm sequences are recognized by Crm-1 recognizing nuclear translocation and may regulate its nuclear transport through phosphorylation. There is no relevant literature on the research of M protein nuclear transport, and the basic mediators of M protein nuclear transport have been basically studied abroad. M protein nuclear transport research for the use of this mechanism to develop anti-RSV replication of drugs, the mechanism of this process needs further study. This review summarizes the nuclear transport of M protein and its regulation.