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目的探讨骨科手术并发下肢静脉血栓的危险因素与低分子肝素预防静脉血栓的临床效果。方法选取2007年3月至2009年12月在我院骨外科进行手术治疗的患者278例,根据患者就诊时间与要求将患者进行分组,观察组139例在术后以低分子肝素进行预防治疗,对照组139例无预防措施。结果观察组患者髋关节、膝关节置换术后DVT发生率为21.43%,合并软组织损伤发生率为25.00%,股静脉、腘静脉DVT发生率为5.04%,DVT总发生率为9.35%,与对照组相比髋关节与膝关节置换术后DVT发生率、合并软组织损伤发生率、DVT总发生率显著降低(P<0.05)。年龄在50岁以上、合并糖尿病为骨科手术后下肢静脉血栓的高发因素。讨论:本次临床研究中,低分子肝素有效降低了骨科手术患者术后下肢静脉血栓的发生率,在下肢静脉血栓的预防中具有较好的临床效果。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of lower extremity venous thrombosis in orthopedic surgery and the clinical effect of low molecular weight heparin in preventing venous thrombosis. Methods From March 2007 to December 2009 in our hospital surgical treatment of bone surgery in 278 patients, according to the patient time and requirements of the patients were grouped in the observation group of 139 patients were treated with low molecular weight heparin for prevention and treatment, Control group of 139 patients without preventive measures. Results The incidence of DVT in the observation group was 21.43% after hip arthroplasty and knee arthroplasty. The incidence of soft tissue injury was 25.00%. The incidence of DVT in femoral vein and popliteal vein was 5.04%, and the incidence of DVT was 9.35% Compared with the control group, the incidence of DVT, the incidence of soft tissue injury and the total incidence of DVT were significantly decreased (P <0.05). Age over 50 years old, with diabetes mellitus is a high incidence of lower extremity venous thrombosis after orthopedic surgery. Discussion: In this clinical study, low molecular weight heparin effectively reduced the incidence of postoperative venous thrombosis in patients with orthopedic surgery and had a good clinical effect in the prevention of venous thrombosis of the lower extremities.