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【目的】 了解呼和浩特市0~7岁儿童血铅水平及影响因素。【方法】 血铅测定仪器采用钨舟原子吸收光谱仪,并进行问卷调查。 【结果】 ①1 192名0~7岁儿童血铅水平均值为0.280μmol/L,其中铅中毒儿童89名,铅中毒率为7.47%;②随着儿童年龄的增长,铅中毒率明显增高;③造成本市儿童铅中毒的主要因素:烧煤取暖做饭、母亲的学历、吃膨化食品、吃爆米花、住房靠近交通干道及不良习惯咬铅笔;④服用奶类能明显降低儿童铅中毒的发生率(0岁组儿童尤为明显);同时4岁组儿童补充钙、铁、锌能明显降低儿童铅中毒的发生率。 【结论】 边远地区呼和浩特市也存在铅污染,应引起关注。
【Objective】 To understand the blood lead level and its influencing factors in children aged 0 ~ 7 years in Hohhot. 【Method】 The blood lead determination instrument used tungsten boat atomic absorption spectrometer and conducted a questionnaire survey. 【Results】 ① The average blood lead level of 192 children aged 0-7 years was 0.280μmol / L, including 89 children with lead poisoning and the lead poisoning rate was 7.47%. ② The lead poisoning rate was significantly increased with the increase of children’s age. ③ Lead to lead poisoning in children in this city are the main factors: coal heating and cooking, maternal education, eating puffed food, eat popcorn, housing near the traffic arteries and bad habits bite pencils; ④ taking milk can significantly reduce the incidence of lead poisoning in children (0-year-old group of children is particularly evident); while 4-year-old children with calcium, iron, zinc can significantly reduce the incidence of lead poisoning in children. 【Conclusion】 Lead pollution also exists in Hohhot, a remote area, which should be paid attention to.