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中国古代自魏晋南北朝起,经济中心与政治中心逐渐分离后,政府就不得不采取措施从南部经济中心调运必要的物质以保证北部生活所需,运输途径不过是陆路与水路两种,但是不同时期所采用的主要运输方式却有不同。有明一代,江南粮草输往北方的方式主要有三种即海运、漕运与陆运,陆运主要是与前两种配合应用,因此相对而言海运与漕运就比较重要。海运在有明一代所实行的时间并不长,漕运则是主要的运输方式,但海运是完全可行的并且可以代替漕运而占据主导地位。
In ancient China, since the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, the economic center and the political center gradually separated, the government had to take measures to transfer the necessary materials from the southern economic center to ensure the needs of northern life. However, the transportation routes were merely land and waterways, but the two were different The main modes of transport used during the period are different. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, there are mainly three ways for transporting grain from the south to the north: sea transportation, water transportation and ground transportation. The ground transportation is mainly used in combination with the first two types of transportation. Therefore, shipping and water transportation are relatively important. Shipping does not take much time in the Ming generation, and water transport is the main mode of transportation. However, maritime transport is completely feasible and can take the place of water transport.